Thursday, September 3, 2020

102 Critical Reading and Integrity Professor Ramos Blog

102 Critical Reading and Integrity Brisk Write Brisk Write What is Integrity? Honesty: 1. adherence to good and moral standards; sufficiency of good character; trustworthiness 2. the condition of being entire, whole, or undiminished. I don't get it's meaning to be an individual of trustworthiness? Is it accurate to say that you are an individual of respectability? Trustworthiness and Hypocrisy What is false reverence? Bad faith: the act of professing to have moral gauges or convictions to which one’s own conduct doesn't adjust; affectation. Rep. Tim Murphy leaves Congress after Allegedly requesting that a Woman have Abortion. Individual from the Pro-Life Caucus Examination Any inquiries on research? We are exploring not to locate an instant solution to our concern, yet to discover proof to look at and bolster the appropriate response we think of. There is no ideal source, however sources that will assist us with learning about the subject/point/issue we are investigating. It is dependent upon you to think of an answer for the issue and bolster it utilizing solid evidenc.e Chp. 2 Critical Reading Dynamic Reading Reviewing Creator: You can perceive data from the creator or the creator bio. Spot of Publication: may uncover subject, style, and approach. Title: May give a thought regarding the content. Setting: Consider the situational conditions the content was created. Setting of creation Substance of utilization Skimming: Pay close thoughtfulness regarding headings and subheadings. Search for the Thesis. Proposal: The primary concern or significant case The First and Last Rule Writers place primary concerns of accentuation toward the start and completion of papers, sections, and sentences. Perusing with a Careful Eye Underline, feature, or clarify the content. Peruse for the central matters, or significant focuses. Try not to feature everything. Peruse with a reason. Peruse to get, question, and break down the content. â€Å"This; Therefore, That† To show up at a rational idea or arrangement of contemplations that will prompt a sensible end. Follow the content you are readings considerations just as your own before arriving at a resolution. Characterize Terms and Concepts Peruse cautiously to how the terms and ideas are utilized in the contention. Characterize words and ideas. Summing up and Paraphrase Synopsis: Say quickly what the entire signifies. Rework: a word-by-word or expression by-state revamping of a book. An interpretation of the author’s language into your own. Why rundown and reword? validateâ the premise of your contention. clarifyâ the complex thoughts contained in a book. supportâ your contention loan authorityâ to your voice assist you with building new ideasâ from existing thoughts on the subject. Reword, Patchwriting, and Plagiarism Citing: Copy in exactly the same words Rework: revamp a point or thought. Sum up: the primary thought of a book. Patchwriting: produce a variety of acquired words and unique words. Written falsification: Submitting crafted by others purposefully or inadvertently as your own. To stay away from written falsification, cautiously track your notes, summarizes, and rundowns. Procedures for Summarizing Sum up sections so you can follow the strings of the contention. A synopsis can be a sentence, a passage, or a page long. Relies upon how much room you have and the amount you have to incorporate. Rundown does exclude your own contemplations. Synopsis does exclude your own contemplations. Rundowns can be for understanding perception, however in article composing the fact of the matter is to help your own contention. Recollect when composing a rundown you are placing yourself into the author’s shoes. Basic Summary A more drawn out rundown that you goal to incorporate into your own contention, and with your own thoughts added. Introduceâ the rundown. Explainâ the significant point or contention the source makes. Exemplifyâ by offering at least one delegate models. Problematizeâ by setting your evaluation, investigation, and inquiries in the synopsis. Extendâ by binds the rundown to your contention.

Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Microsoft Analysis Paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Microsoft Analysis - Term Paper Example The motivation behind this paper is to dissect the activities of Microsoft utilizing an assortment of business investigative apparatuses Mission, Vision, Stakeholders The statement of purpose of Microsoft Corporation is â€Å"Our crucial qualities are to help individuals and organizations all through the world understand their full potential† (Microsoft, 2011). As an open organization the firm’s activities must consent to the wellbeing of an assortment of partner gatherings. A portion of the partners that Microsoft must react too are the investors, representatives, top managerial staff, official supervisory group, providers, loan specialists, network, and the legislature. The organization has huge yearnings and dreams for what's to come. â€Å"At Microsoft, we accept the most captivating computerized encounters will develop out of the mix of four things: savvy gadgets, cloud-based administrations, common types of communication among individuals and innovation, lastly, people’s imaginations† (Microsoft, 2011). Five powers of Competition The danger of new contestants in the product business is high. There are a large number of programming organizations in the commercial center. It is conceivable that one of these organizations may have the option to build up another working framework to contend straightforwardly with Microsoft. In the gaming portion it appears as though the business works as an oligopoly with Sony and Nintendo being the main rivals. It takes billions of dollars and long periods of examination to build up another gaming console. The haggling intensity of providers is low. Microsoft can exploit economies of scale to show signs of improvement costs from providers. The bartering intensity of purchasers is medium low. Purchasers are eager to follow through available cost for programming regardless of its relative significant expenses. The purchaser power increments during specific seasons, for example, Christmas. The danger of substitute is medium. As far as working framework I would arrange the purchaser power as low because of the absence of genuine substitute notwithstanding the presence of Linux and Mac PCs. In the gaming business substitute are medium since there are just two contenders. The contention among firms contending in the business is high. Because of the extreme rivalry organizations need to spend a ton of cash on promoting. SWOT One of the qualities of Microsoft is its solid monetary position and history of extraordinary money related execution. The company’s value is viewed as a blue chip stock. The organization produced in 2011 deals of $69.94 billion. During the previous five years the deals of the organization have expanded by 36.81%. The overall gain of the firm in 2011 was $23,150 billion. In correlation of the earlier year the total compensation of the organization expanded by an exceptional edge of 23.40%. The market capitalization of Microsoft is $216.19 billion. The ne t edge of the firm in 2011 was 33%. The normal net edge in the product business is a minor 1.9% (Dun and Bradstreet, 2011). The net edge of Microsoft was 17.36 occasions higher than the business normal in 2010. The profit yield of the organization was 3.10%. A second quality of Microsoft is the brand estimation of the organization. Microsoft has the pioneer programming industry to a great extent because of the prevalent structure of its working frameworks programs. The current rendition of the Operating framework Microsoft is selling is Windows 7. The clients of PCs envision Microsoft as the top brand in the business. Because of the inclination of clients for Windows item most of new PCs come furnished with Microsoft working frameworks. Another quality

Saturday, August 22, 2020

10 Personification Examples in Poetry, Literature, and More

10 Personification Examples in Poetry, Literature, and that's only the tip of the iceberg SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Representation is a significant artistic gadget as a type of analogy, exemplification thinks about two things rapidly and effectively, frequently in a wonderful style. Be that as it may, what's going on here? In this guide, we’ll talk about what embodiment is, the thing that it does, and why such huge numbers of essayists use it, just all in all bundle of guides to assist you with getting acclimated with recognizing representation when you see it. This isn't exactly representation, however it is charming. What Is Personification? Embodiment is really straightforward, yet before we can get into what it is, we have to talk about analogies. Representation is a type of similitude, an abstract gadget contrasting two things by applying the characteristics of one thing to another. One well known model is the Walt Whitman line, â€Å"And your very substance will be an incredible poem.† Whitman isn’t proposing that your tissue is actually a sonnet that would be both incomprehensible and awkward yet rather that your whole self is a show-stopper. Inside the setting of the Leaves of Grass prelude, where this statement originates from, the statement implies that, through affection and tolerance and living with significance and reason, your whole self will have importance and reason, similarly as a sonnet does. In spite of the fact that Whitman’s quote is an illustration, it’s not embodiment. Exemplification is a progressively explicit kind of illustration where something that isn't human is given human characteristics. Whitman’s quote looks at tissue, something human, to a sonnet, something barbaric, which means it’s not exemplification. Rather, exemplification will look something like this statement from John Keats’ â€Å"To Autumn†: â€Å"Conspiring with him how to stack and favor With natural product the vines that round the cover eves run.† Here, the thing doing the planning is pre-winter, and ‘him’ is the developing sun. Neither of these things can scheme harvest time is a season, and the sun is a star-yet to outline how consummate the season is, Keats proposes that they can. In this model, Keats gives both fall and the sun the human capacity to plan. That doesn’t imply that Keats needs you to picture the sun and fall actually murmuring in one another’s ears; he’s proposing concordance and a characteristic request of things. As the sun develops (something else it isn’t in fact doing, at any rate not in this sonnet) into the later phases of the year, the natural product on the vines starts to age without a moment to spare for the collect. As the sun moves further from the earth and the climate becomes colder, the season changes to pre-winter, as though the two were deliberately cooperating. Thus, scheming. As should be obvious, representation can include a sensational and progressively reminiscent pizazz to composing. On the off chance that Keats’ sonnet had essentially perused, â€Å"The sun escapes from the earth as the season changes to pre-winter, in the nick of time for the natural product to ripen,† itwouldn't feel especially moving or fascinating. In any case, when he proposes that the sun and harvest time are scheming, we get a significantly more distinctive, paramount image of what the seasons resemble. This isn't representation either. Instances of Personification Keats is only one author utilizing embodiment there are loads of various approaches to utilize this artistic gadget to incredible impact. You don’t even should be widely acclaimed Romantic artist to utilize it! Fundamental Examples of Personification Since exemplification is simply giving something that isn’t human the qualities of a human, it’s extremely easy to do! Look at these models: The stars winked in the night sky. Stars, having no eyes, can't wink. However, when you see this expression, you realize that they’re twinkling. The extension extended over the interstate. An extension can’t stretch, yet from this expression, we get its psychological picture being long and smoothly bended. The cavern mouth yawned. A mouth can yawn, yet a cavern mouth can't. In any case, we get the psychological picture of the cavern mouth extended wide. The smell of preparing biscuits invited us inside. A smell can’t welcome, yet we can even now comprehend that the storyteller of this sentence feels invited by the genial smell. Verse Examples of Personification We regularly experience allegorical language like exemplification in verse, where a couple of words need to convey a ton of importance. Probably the most renowned models in verse are: â€Å"Because I was unable to stop for Death â€He benevolently halted for me †The Carriage held yet just Ourselves †And Immortality.† - â€Å"Because I was unable to stop for Death† by Emily Dickinson In this sonnet, Death is exemplified as an individual driving a carriage. Inside the bounds of this sonnet, Death may in truth be an individual; however Dickinson isn’t expounding on an exacting occasion that happened to her. She’s utilizing her relationship with Death allegorically, showing how Death continues on ahead with little respect for humanity’s work and relaxation. â€Å"BlackberriesBig as the chunk of my thumb, and imbecilic as eyesEbon in the fences, fatWith blue-red juices. These they waste on my fingers.I had not requested such a blood sisterhood; they should adore me.They adjust to my milkbottle, straightening their sides.†-â€Å"Blackberrying† by Sylvia Plath Plathmakes an immediate examination among blackberries and people she says blackberries, as are eyes, 'imbecilic,' in that they can't talk. Be that as it may, we likewise realize that they can’t waste, they can’t be a sisterhood, and they can’t adore or suit themselves. Plath isn’t attempting to reveal to us that these are enchantment blackberries with every one of those attributes. She’s utilizing exemplification to represent her relationship with these blackberries, showing a remarkable bond with them. Indeed, even without the setting of the entire sonnet, Plath’s utilization of representation gives us that these blackberries aren’t simply organic product to her. Scholarly Examples of Personification Artists aren’t the main journalists utilizing embodiment it’s likewise important for composition scholars! Look at these renowned models from writing: â€Å"[The eyes of TJ Eckleburg] watch out of no face, at the same time, rather, from a couple of gigantic yellow exhibitions which disregard a nonexistent nose. Clearly some wild sway of an oculist set them there to stuff his training in the ward of Queens, and afterward sank down himself into interminable visual impairment or overlooked them and moved away. Be that as it may, his eyes, darkened a little by numerous paintless days under sun and downpour, brood on over the grave dumping ground†¦. - The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald On the off chance that these eyes were joined to a person, they may brood as an augmentation of the human. Be that as it may, the eyes of TJ Eckleburg are painted on an announcement, not joined to a human face. It’s unimaginable for them to brood, as they don’t have feelings. Nonetheless, this statement exhibits the disposition that the eyes cast over the valley; it’s dull and grim, and the way that Fitzgerald portrays these painted eyes mirrors that. There is something rebellious about this nursery of Serena’s, a feeling of covered things blasting upwards, silently, into the light, as though to point, to state: Whatever is hushed will clatter to be heard, however quietly. [†¦] Light pours downward on it from the sun, valid, yet in addition heat ascends, from the blossoms themselves, you can feel it: like holding your hand an inch over an arm, a shoulder. It inhales, in the glow, breathing itself in. - The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood This passage has two or three occasions of exemplification. Covered things don’t truly burst upward-they develop, yet to ‘burst’ is to move unexpectedly, which is something that these plants don’t do. In like manner, Atwood says that the warmth relaxes. Since heat doesn’t have lungs, it can’t inhale, however it’s clear that Atwood is giving everything in Serena’s garden a feeling of life so that even the warmth has imperativeness. Mainstream society Examples of Personification You don’t need to hope to books you’ve read in school to discover embodiment, either! Everything from TV shows to music to video games can contain representation, for example, these models: Back to front In spite of the fact that everything that occurs in the film Inside Out can be perused to happen actually it’s a dream film!- it’s likewise a type of analogy. We realize that, in actuality, our feelings aren’t little humanoid figures going around pulling switches, however giving feelings like satisfaction and pity human attributes urges watchers to value their unpredictability. Bitterness isn’t awful, and happiness isn’t in every case great when we give them human attributes, we see that any feeling can mean numerous things! You attempt to shout yet fear takes the sound before you make itYou begin to freeze as frightfulness looks you directly between the eyesYou're paralyzed'Cause this is spine chiller, spine chiller nightAnd nobody's going to spare you from the monster going to strike.- Thrill ride by Michael Jackson There are a couple of instances of exemplification in this melody in simply this refrain, fear takes the sound and repulsiveness looks you directly between the eyes. Logically, we realize that feelings can't take or take a gander at anything. Yet, utilizing that sort of language to depict dread gives it an organization that implants this tune with vitality. It's not hard to comprehend why this works so well; in the event that you've at any point been apprehensive, you know how it can influence the manner in which your body feels, at times deadening you. That is the thing that Jackson is taking advantage of in this melody: the feeling that dread can trap you and cause you to feel like you're crazy. What’s Next? Embodiment is only one of numerous artistic gadgets available to you. Look at this l

Civil War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Common War - Essay Example Back in the most recent decade of the twentieth century, Somali was fascinated in a common war. The state of mind on the ground was that the administration of Siad Barre getting excessively brutal to the individuals. Regardless of whether such cases were valid or not, what followed was one of the longest and maybe bloodiest common war at any point saw on the African mainland. Presumably the main nation that had additionally experienced such a significant stretch of war is presently the recently autonomous Southern Sudan. Because of Kenya and AMISOM (African Mission in Somali) troops, the Somali individuals as of late casted a ballot in another parliament that effectively decided in favor of another president. Things give off an impression of being ready for changes however that is for history to pass judgment. It is fundamental to examine the setting of the common war in Somali before the ongoing turns of events. Such an examination will think about the compassionate emergency. All t hings being equal, this isn't to infer that the procedure towards a steady Somalia had been a smooth change. The Somali common war case has been one that has had sweeping impacts following the ousting of Barre’s government in 1991. Being a nation that is comprised of groups, what emitted in the underlying time frame was a challenge for strength by all the significant factions. It was for all intents and purposes outlandish attempting to convince any family ruler to envision a unified Somali with him on the fringe. I use him in light of the fact that under sharia law, a few places of authority are sexual orientation represented and Somali being an overwhelmingly Muslim country, the standard applies (Munene, 2012).

Friday, August 21, 2020

The Biggest Scam in History Essays - Climate Change, Global Warming

The Greatest Scam in History There are actually a great many new tricks that emerge every day. The vast majority of them are effectively recognizable, others are most certainly not. In any case, the greatest trick in history is one that despite everything goes on today. It is known as ?an unnatural weather change?. Thinking back to the 1990?s, a few researchers controlled long haul logical information to make the inference of a worldwide temperature alteration. Different researchers, in endeavors to spare their quickly expanding joblessness rate, immediately joined different researchers in the a dangerous atmospheric devation plan to widen and upgrade ?look into?. Their cases made startled individuals from the administration loan enormous research awards. The development continued developing and quickly picked up ubiquity and media consideration, making it the greatest trick ever. Natural radicals, outstanding legislators among them at that point collaborated with film, media, and other liberal, earthy people to make this wild ?logical? situation of compromising results that would originate from an Earth-wide temperature boost. Individuals rushed to pose the inquiry ?What would we be able to do to forestall it Scientists immediately thought of some extreme plan that would bring all the more financing into their fields of study and propagate the legend of an Earth-wide temperature boost. Their ?look into?, that was immediately acknowledged as reality, turned into the focal point for CNN, CBS, NBC, the Democratic Political Party, the Governor of California, teachers, and as a rule, ecologically cognizant residents. The subject of an Earth-wide temperature boost now and then even obscured that of the wars going on abroad. The researchers? fault for an Earth-wide temperature boost is overabundance contamination which considerably heightens the nursery impact and, thus, causes a fast increment in temperature. It is guaranteed that this expansion in temperature would wreck farming, soften the icecaps, flood the coastlines, and end life as we probably am aware it. That is, obviously, except if you put cash in explore for an Earth-wide temperature boost. This is when entrepreneurs found that they could likewise profit by the plan of a worldwide temperature alteration and become substantially more beneficial. The organizations called this change ?practicing environmental safety?. Practicing environmental awareness has really been around somewhat longer than the fantasy of a dangerous atmospheric devation; however at the time it wasn?t called making strides toward environmental friendliness. It began in the 1980?s when American vehicle producers were losing a great deal of their deals to Japanese imports since they were progressively trustworthy and showed signs of improvement gas mileage. GM and Ford immediately guaranteed that they were chipping away at a vehicle called a half and half that could work without gas. Truth be told, the primary American vehicle to flaunt its extraordinary gas mileage was the Ford Aerostar. That was in the 1980?s and Ford vowed to have a half breed vehicle constantly 2000. After the trick of a dangerous atmospheric devation was presented the vehicle organizations likewise applied for government financing to discover the answer for the gas-fueled vehicle. Government poured assets far and wide to discover arrangements. At that point different organizations began to do likewise. Food businesses make their sacks of reused plastics, basic food item packs are currently made of biodegradable materials, and in any event, cleaning organizations are making strides toward environmental friendliness by placing less unsafe synthetic compounds in their items. This immensely builds benefits for these organizations due to the enormous alarm of an Earth-wide temperature boost. Researchers today are as yet directing exploration on a worldwide temperature alteration. They realize that on the off chance that they do look into and their outcomes are not the slightest bit disturbing, their examination will simply accumulate dust on the rack. Then again, when they do inquire about that sounds cautions, they will turn out to be notable and regarded and get insightful honors. Above all however, more research dollars will come their direction. There are more prominent measures of proof supporting worldwide cooling and worldwide homeostasis than there is to help an unnatural weather change. This examination ordinarily doesn?t get distributed and will sit some place on a lab rack. Our planet isn't in hazard. It is every one of the a trick. It is the aftereffect of terrible science. There are a lot of researchers, a significant number of them with PhD?s, who concede that an unnatural weather change is each of the a trick. They openly express their real thoughts on the grounds that their field of study isn't financed on the establishment of a dangerous atmospheric devation. Taking everything into account, a worldwide temperature alteration isn't genuine. It is every one of the a trick. There is more research that contradicts an Earth-wide temperature boost than underpins it; and researchers just help a dangerous atmospheric devation to help their

Tuesday, August 4, 2020

New Student Photo Series 2011 #29 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New Student Photo Series 2011 â€" #29 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog I mentioned that the incoming student photo series was likely coming to a close, however we recently received another set of photos enjoy. My name is Lisa Deng, an incoming MIA student from China. Photography, for me, is an unique experience to capture the beauty and emotions of special moments in life. This photo was taken in Tibet (4500 meters above sea level) during   an outdoor adventure tour in 2006. This magic land is filled with beautiful snow mountains, lakes, grasslands, temples and villages that can deeply touch the purest feelings in ones heart. In a Maasai village in Kenya, Maasai women wear very colorful clothes with beaded necklaces made by themselves. They showed visitors the hospitality with friendly smiles. One of Maasai womens tasks is to build their houses for the family. The traditional Maasai house (behind them) is made from mud, grass, sticks, and cow dung, etc. Aershan is a small city located in the north of inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in China. When conducting a strategic consulting project for its local government on a quiet and cold winter morning, I   was attracted by this lovely view of snow-covered European-style buildings in this city.

Monday, June 22, 2020

Yale Admission Stats

Yale Admission Stats April 14, 2013 The Yale admission stats are out and Yale boasts its lowest admission rate in its history. The Yale admission stats are in for 2013 and with an acceptance rate of 6.72%, Yale had its lowest admission rate in its history. Of the 29,610 students who applied to Yale this year, only 1,991 gained admission. This compares to 28,975 applicants to Yale last year and 1,973 admitted students. And how about that waitlist? The Yale waitlist this year stands at 1,001 students. Whether or not and how deep they go into that waitlist will depend on Yales yield for the year. They hope to enroll about 1,350 students in their freshman class. If last years numbers are any indication, Yale admitted 70 students off of its waitlist. According to an article in The Yale Daily News on the Yale admission stats, With the decisions made and the official acceptance letters sent out, the admissions process for most aspiring members of the class of 2017 is finally over. Dean of Undergraduate Admissions Jeffrey Brenzel said in an email to the News Thursday afternoon that the Admissions Office has seen another extraordinary applicant pool and faced another challenging selection process this year. Of the students we could offer admission, we know that the ones choosing Yale will bring us astonishing talents and aspirations, Brenzel said, adding that he believes that virtually all of the students rejected this year will be successful students at other great colleges and universities.' Were you placed on Yales waitlist? If so, theres a right and a wrong strategy to try and get off of it. Fill out our form for a free 20-minute consultation and well give you some tips on getting off that dreaded waitlist. And, while youre here, check out our compiled Ivy League Statistics.

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Research design - Methodology - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2848 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Uncategorized Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? CHAPTER 3 Methodology This chapter aims to describe the research methodologies used to collect the data which will apply in this study. The discussion of methodology was structured as follows: research design, data collection methods, sampling design, data analysis method and mostly important is model description. According to Hair, Bush and Ortinau (2006), the research design serves as a master plan of the methods to use to collect and analyze the data. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Research design Methodology" essay for you Create order By evaluating and choosing the correct research design, it will enable the researchers to develop relevant research methodologies. In this chapter, the details of models will be discussed on how it will help researchers in answering the research questions on how total loan, loan tenure, education of borrowers, borrowerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s age, business experience, type of business, technical training, business course, marital status and gender influence the impacts of microfinance on household income, individual income and business income offered by government agencies and commercial banks. This study utilized surveys intended to assess the relationship between the effects of microfinance facilities that provided by government agencies and commercial banks with income of household, individual and business in Malaysia. 3.1 Research Design A research can be differentiated in terms of approach, either by using quantitative or qualitative approach (Neuman, 2006). Deriving accurate information is highly dependent upon the survey method. The direct face-to face interview is the most commonly used approach (Ogunlade and Adebayo, 2009) and is employed in this study. The research aims to provide an understanding of what is the different between government and non-government institution on the impacts of microfinance taking place on household income, individual income, and business income was affected by constructs like total loan, loan tenure, education of borrowers, borrowersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ age, business experience, type of business, technical training, business course, marital status and gender. In addition, the descriptive and causal research design was applied in this research and work as the main research design. Meanwhile, causal study method was being used to examine the relationships between income of household, individual and business toward the total loan, loan tenure, education of borrowers, borrowers age, business age, type of business, technical training, business course, marital status and gender in microfinance activities. According to Zikmund (2003) descriptive research is use to describe the characteristics of population or phenomenon meanwhile causal research is conducted to identify cause-effect link between variables when the research problem has already been defined. 3.2 Data Collection Method Data collection is the systematic gathering of data for a particular purpose. A research can be started by selecting quantitative or qualitative approach (Neuman, 2006). This study uses one types of data collection method which is primary data. Due to the money and time constrain, this study was choosing the survey questionnaire as the primary data source. 3.2.1 Primary Data Primary data consist of information collected for the specific purpose at hand (Kotler, Brown, Adam and Armstrong 2004, p.219). Primary data collection will be adopted in this research and the main source of primary data collection in this study is obtained from survey questionnaire because survey questionnaire is convenience, cost saving and time saving. In this research, 123 sets of questionnaire were distributed to residents in Klang Valley. It is important to have a clear and well structure of questionnaire to let all the respondents to answer it easily in the shorter time. Although primary data are more expensive compare with secondary data, it can provide the latest information about the opinions from the current respondents. 3.3 Sampling Design The purpose of this research as stated as in the earlier chapter is to evaluate impacts of microfinance that provided by government and non-government institution toward household income, individual income, and business income in Klang Valley. The determinants (independent variables) include total loan, loan tenure, education of borrowers, borrowerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s age, business age, type of business, technical training and business course. Hair, Bush Ortinau (2006) defines independent variables as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“an attribute or elements of an object, idea or event whose measurement scales values are directly manipulate by the researcherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . In this research, dependent variables are including household income, individual income and business income. Hair et al. (2006) defines dependent variables as a singular attribute or element that is the measured outcome or effect change on specific test subjects that is derived from manipulating the independent variables. 3.3.1 Target Population Since, it is difficult to conduct a survey on the whole Malaysia population due to limited resources such as cost and time. As a result, this research will select a specific area which is Klang Valley respondents in the population to draw conclusion about the entire population of Malaysian. The main population for this research is the residents in Klang Valley who have receiving the microfinance facilities from government and non-government institution. The eligible respondents for this research will be adults who are 18 years old and above that getting microloan to run his or her business. The reasons for choosing this area of target population are due to the numbers of entrepreneur who getting microfinance are the highest among other cities in Malaysia. This will directly save the cost and time in order to get the greater accurate results and high speed of data collection. Meanwhile, this studyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s respondents came from one of the cities in Malaysia, namely, Klang Valley and the surveys were conducted from 3th April to 8th May 2015. 3.3.2 Sampling Elements The respondents that will take part in this research study will be restricted to the current residents of Klang Valley who have getting microfinance facilities for business purpose at least one time from any financial institution. The microfinance facilities are including micro-credit and others. Sampling location for this study is Klang Valley. Residents of Klang Valley which have participated in microfinance facilities at least once are identified as the prospective respondents as they have ability to evaluate the impacts of microfinance on household income, individual income and business income. Respondents were randomly selected to ensure the accuracy of this study. All the respondents were required to answer the questionnaire on the spot. 3.3.3 Sampling Techniques There are two types of sampling techniques which are probability sampling and non probability sampling (Churchill, Jr. and Iacoucci, 2005). The samples selected of this study are based on the non-probability sampling. In this study, judgment sampling is selected as main sampling procedure which based on research objective. The researcher believes that the respondents represent the population of interest (Malhotra and Peterson, 2006). 3.3.4 Sample Size Roscoe (1975) proposed the rules of thumb for determine the sample size where it is more than 30 and less than 500 are appropriate for the most research. This study has gathered 123 potential respondents who getting loan from any finance institution as the target respondents in this study. In 123 respondents, there are 58 respondents who getting microfinance facilities from government agency; while 65 respondents are getting credit from non-government institution. 3.4 Data Analysis Method According to Cooper and Schindler (2006), data analysis is defined as the process of editing and reducing accumulated data to a size that is manageable, easy to look for patterns in, developing summaries and applying statistical techniques. Several analyses of the data have been carried out in the core of this study. Simple descriptive statistics such as sums, means, ranges, percentages and frequency distributions are were used to analysis primary data for this study. This study utilized the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) to analyses the data. This study also conducted 3 multiple regression analysis for determining impacts of microfinance on 3 models such as household income, individual income and business income from all respondents, 58 respondents who getting microfinance facilities from government agency; and 65 respondents who getting credit from non-government institution. Hence, there will have three different analyses result that based on three dataset in orde r to reach to the research objective. 3.4.1 Descriptive Analysis According to Burns and Bush (2003, p. 433), descriptive analysis is used to summarize and describe the sample characteristic of the typical respondent and disclosing the general pattern of response. Parametric statistic such as measures of mean, standard deviation and variance will be used to describe the key features of the interval data. 3.4.2 Multiple Regression Analysis Multiple regression analysis is used to gain a better understanding about the relationship between several independent variables and a dependent variable. This technique is applicable in this study because the dependent variables in 3 model (household income, individual income and business income) and independent variable (total loan, loan tenure, education of borrowers, borrowerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s age, business age, type of business, technical training and business course) are measure using the same scale. The weight of data is measured by the beta value is the indication to measure. 3.5 Model Description For the analysis of this paper, we suggest that each dependent variable are consist 1 model to evaluate the impacts of microfinance. Hence, the analysis is consisting 3 models where each model (household income, individual income and business income) is accounts for the expected effects of microfinance. 3.5.1 Impacts of Microfinance on Household Income Model In this model, household income is representing the dependent variables. Household income of a respondent was measured in terms of his or her total monthly earning from business activities in which respondent was involved. This dependent variable was measured by taking into consideration all the existing family membersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (such as respondent, husband, son, daughter, father, mother) income of the respondent households. While, in this model there are 7 independent variables which are total loan, household size, business experience, loan tenure, technical training, borrowerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s age and individual income. All independent variables will be further explained below. In brief, the model of impacts of microfinance on household income can be concluded as: Household Income = Total loan + Household size + Business Experience + Loan Tenure + Technical Training + Borrowerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Age + Individual Income 3.5.2 Impacts of Microfinance on Individual Income Model The model is measuring the impact of microfinance toward individual income, thus individual income was taken as the dependent variables in this model. Monthly individual income of a respondent was measured by his or her total monthly earning from business activities in which respondent was involved. The main different between household income and individual income is this variable was measured by respondents earning only and not taking into consideration all the existing family membersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (such as respondent, husband, son, daughter, father, mother) income of the respondent households. In this model there are 8 independent variables which are total loan, business income, loan tenure (monthly), education level, business experience, technical training, business course, marital status, gender and borrowerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s age. In addition, all independent variables will be further explained below. In summary, the model of impacts of microfinance on individual income ca n be concluded as: Individual Income = Total loan + Loan tenure (monthly) + Education Level + Business Experience + Technical Training+ Business Course + Marital Status + Gender + Borrowerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Age 3.5.3 Impacts of Microfinance on Business Income Model Business income is representing the dependent variables in this model in order to measure the impacts of microfinance. This variable was measured by taking into thesum of allmoney received by business, includingincome from revenue fromsales. It is measured by how much profit and money earned by respondents monthly. In this model there are 7 independent variables which are total loan, loan tenure (monthly), education level, business age, type of business, technical training and business course. All independent variables will be further explained below. In brief, the model of impacts of microfinance on business income can be concluded as: Business income = Total loan +Loan tenure (monthly) +Education Level + Business Experience + Type of Business + Technical Training+ Business Course 3.5.4 Independent Variables Description For the analysis of this paper, we suggest that there are several independent variables that used in multiple regressions. The independent variables in this research consist of total loan, loan tenure (monthly), education level, borrower age, business experience, type of business, technical training, business course, marital status and gender. All variables are accounts for the expected effects of microfinance. The independent variables are representing the causes that influenced the dependent variables and tested to see whether there are the causes. 3.5.4.1 Total Amount of Loan The most influential independent variables in this research refer to the total amount loan. This variable are mostly influenced the result of analysis is due to it have a very strong figure in R-square. Furthermore, total amount of loan is the main independent variables that used to test on the effect of microfinance toward household income, individual income and household income. Consequently, others independent variables are consider as control variables. Additionally, this variable is defined as amount of loan received by the SMEs from any microfinance institution such as AIM, TEKUN, MARA, Bank Simpanan Nasional, SME Bank, Bank Rakyat and other institutions. It is measured by how much respondents received in term of ringgit Malaysia. 3.5.4.2 Loan Tenure In order to support the main independent variables, loan tenure considers as another useful control variables in determining the effects of microfinance. Loan tenure was measured in term of how many months that a microfinance institution offered to respondents. Thus, this variable was calculated in term of months rather than years. 3.5.4.3 Education Level Refer back to the research, the education level of respondents was taken care and consider as an independent variables. Education variable was measured in terms of formal education acquired by the respondents. In this research, researcher was assigned respondents into two categories which are tertiary and non-tertiary. For example, if the respondentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s education level was above certificate, diploma or bachelor, they are fall into tertiary group. On the other hand, if the respondents are having an education level under certificate, diploma and bachelor, they are fall into non-tertiary group. In this study, non-tertiary group is recode as 1, while tertiary group as coded as dummy value. 3.5.4.4 Business Experience Business experience are believed to have a slightly impact on the effect of microfinance, therefore it represent one of the independent variables. In this analysis, business age refer to experience of a respondents has been in the business. In this variables, we are calculated the experience of respondentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s business into the monthly. 3.5.4.5 Type of Business Different type of business are expecting to influence the analysis, hence it is stand for another independent variables. In this research, types of business are grouping into two groups such as retail and non retail. Besides, there is a dummy value for no retail business, while retail will be recoded as 1 in this study. 3.5.4.6 Technical Training Technical training refer to the training progamme that prepaid by microfinance institution to some of the business requirement. For example, AIM provides an technical training to an entrepreneur who wish to open a tailor shop. In this section, respondents was been question whether they have been send for a technical training or not. They are giving two option which are à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Yesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ showing they went for a technical training or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Noà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ showing that they never go for a technical training. In order to run the multiple regressions, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Yesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ will be recode as 1, while à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Noà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ recoded as 0. 3.5.4.7 Business Course Business course refer to the management progamme that offered by the microfinance institution. Business course are considering having small impact on the dependent variables. Thus, it is treated as independent variables in this analysis. Business course was measured in term of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Yesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Noà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Yesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ are presenting the respondents attended business course that provide by microfinance institution, while No presenting the respondents attended business course. Besides, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Yesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ is recoded as 1 and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Noà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ is recoded as 0 in the analysis. 3.5.4.8 Household Size The size of household is used to measure the impacts of microfinance on household income. This variable was measured by taking into thesum of allexisting family membersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ such as respondent, husband or wife, son, daughter, father, and mother. Besides, it is measured in term of unit such as 1, 2, and others. 3.5.4.9 Marital Status The marital status is used to measure the impacts of microfinance on individual income. This variable was measured by categorized respondents into two groups which are married and single. In order to have an easier comparison between two groups, married was recorded as 1 and single was recorded as 0. 3.5.4.10 Gender Refer back to the research, gender consider as another influential factors. Therefore, gender of respondents is taken under independent variables to test on individual income model. In addition, in this research male was recorded as 1 while female is recorded as 0. 3.5.4.11 Age Age of borrowers is measured in years. Borrowers age is included in the independent variables of household income and individual income. According to Su and Heshmati (2013), age of borrowers is one of factors to determine the level of household income and individual income. 3.6 Hypothesis Development In summary, three hypotheses can be specified as follows: H1: Microfinance has impact toward individual income. H2: Microfinance has impact toward household income. H3: Microfinance has impact toward business income. 3.7 Conclusion Chapter 3 mainly discussed the types of research methodologies used to conduct the research study. Quantitative research is used in order to collect numerical and measurable data. Questionnaire will be conducted as to collect the primary data. Hypothesis regarding the effect of the various independent constructs were tested through analysis of survey data obtained from eligible SMEs respondents. Appropriate data analysis strategies were carried out to ensure accuracy of information gathering and analysis process. This study will include descriptive analysis, multicollinearity test and multiple regression analysis.

Monday, May 11, 2020

Embryonic Stem Cell Research How does it affect you Essay

Embryonic Stem Cell Research: How does it affect you? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Embryonic stem cell research is widely controversial in the scientific world. Issues on the ethics of Embryonic Stem (ES) cell research have created pandemonium in our society. The different views on this subject are well researched and supportive. The facts presented have the capability to support or possibly change the public’s perspective. This case study is based on facts and concerns that much of the research done on embryonic stem cells is derived from human embryos. This case study will provide others with a more in depth view of both sides of this great debate. In biological terms, embryonic stem cells posses a†¦show more content†¦Researchers have stated that while the embryos have cells like living human beings, they themselves are not human. A belief as such, justifies embryonic stem cell research for those who perform or support it. The use of private funding has uncovered the existent of more than sixty genetically diverse stem cell lines. The use of federal funds for research on these existing sixty stem cell lines, where the life and death decision has already been made would allow us to explore the promise and potential of stem cell research without crossing a fundamental moral line by providing taxpayer funding that would sanction or encourage further destruction of human embryos that have at least the potential for life. Based on preliminary work that has been mainly funded privately, scientists believe further research using stem cells offers great promise that could improve the lives of those who suffer from many terrible diseases -- from juvenile diabetes to Alzheimers, from Parkinsons to spinal cord injuries. Adequate funding for embryonic stem cell research will allow scientist to discover more possibilities of what stem cells are capable of doing. These possibilities include drug testing and cell-bas ed therapies that cover a wide range of applications; differentiating into desired cell-types, generating sufficient quantities of tissue, and survival of the cells andShow MoreRelatedThe Remarkable World Of Stem Cells. Micheal Davis. Writing1695 Words   |  7 PagesThe Remarkable World of Stem Cells Micheal Davis Writing 301 Mrs. Sargent January 18, 2017 The Remarkable World of Stem Cells Stem cells have been a medical miracle since the dawn of the 20th century, and there next-to-limitless potential has exceeded modern biologists’ wildest dreams. One question to ask however, is what are stem cells, and how do they function to where is makes them such a great medical discovery? In a sort of simplified version to which will give more of a betterRead MoreStem Cells Essay1699 Words   |  7 Pagesseems like scientific research has provided us with a hope for these diseases. This essay will address the issue of controversial research in stem cells. This technology offers hope to millions who are victims of a multitude of diseases and disorders. It can be used to regrow limbs, create organs, attack genetic diseases, treat malfunctioning bladders, etc. However, this same technology is also one of the most controversial debates in science today. If you type â€Å"stem cells research† into your GoogleRead MoreThe Heated Debate Concerning Stem Cell Research Essa y878 Words   |  4 PagesStem Cell Research   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The topic of stem cell research does not affect me so much at the moment. It might in the future, but for now it does not. I do believe that stem cell research should be used for cloning organs that will be used for organ transplants. I do not however think that parents should place the doctors on pedestals just because these â€Å"mad scientists† supposedly have the power of God.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The topic of heated debate does intrigue me, but not to the point as to where I would makeRead MoreResearch On Stem Cell Research1842 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Scientists for medical research have used embryonic stem cells in the past. Scientists have had amazing success while using these stem cells in their research. However, embryonic stem cell research has become a very controversial topic. With this controversy, it has become very hard to receive permission to do research on embryonic stem cells. 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She is now able to walk, jog, bicycle, and do countless other activities in her daily life that she wouldn’t have been able to do without this stem cell therapy. Another trial involved a 60-year-old man, who lived an active lifestyle. He had a degenerative joint disease, a 60% meniscus tear. They injected his knee twice over one year with stem cells and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP). ToRead MoreViews of Society1257 Words   |  6 PagesEvery day we have to decipher the information provided to us. The manner in which a sociologist would do this can be done using 3 different theories: conflict theory, functional analysis, and symbolic interactionism. Lets us use embryonic stem cell research as an ethical dilemma to apply these three theories. Before applying our theories it will be helpful to explain the meaning of them. Conflict theorists impress that society is made up of a system of social structures that compete with eachRead MoreEscape from Spiderhead by Dr. Abnesti Essay1333 Words   |  6 Pageseliminate, but to make them under control. Experiment carried in the fiction story is about biological researches in the causation and modification of human emotions. Mentioned in the story that, master by Dr. Abnesti in the Spiderhead lab, the research group run a series of experiment on living human, in which they inject the models (those human) different medicines which according to the story line, these medicines function differently in affecting one’s mood and abilities. Darkenfloxx TM, amongRead MoreThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research1907 Words   |  8 PagesApril, 2017 Embryonic Stem Cell Research Imagine living in a world without cancer, Parkinson s, or even diabetes. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Bp Management, Ethical And Social Behavior - 1114 Words

In the month of April 2010, Deepwater Horizon exploded, killing 11 workers and releasing oil from the well into an ocean. This paper will discuss BP management, ethical and social behavior. BP along with a few of its partners Transocean and Halliburton was involved in the gulf oil spill. The explosion of the drilling rig Deepwater Horizon was the root cause of the oil spill. This paper will focus on BP organization behavioral issues that caused the economic, environmental, and human losses. The research further focuses on what BP leadership could have done as a precautionary measure using highest ethics and management behavior. BP Organization Culture A unique set of principles, vision, and discipline drives corporate behavior and culture. Robbins and Judge (2014) describe culture as, â€Å"shared meaning held by the members† (p.465). The culture guides the employee motivation and their behavior towards customers and the external world. 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For those unfamiliar, BP, a multinational company headquartered in London, England, is one of the world’s seven major oil and gas companies operating in all areas of the oil and gas industry. These industries include the likes of exploration, production, distribution, marketing, and power generation, along with several other area s. With that much integration in one particular industry, a large corporationRead MoreEssay on Ethics in the Workplace - Bp Oil Spill1729 Words   |  7 PagesEthics in the Workplace Case Study: BP Oil Spill On April 20, 2010 off the Gulf of Mexico, there was a blowout of the Macondo well which is owned by British Petroleum also known as BP. When the blowout took place it got immediate media attention because aspects of the event were known over the world. Within events transpiring it was discovered how limited the resources and reaction to the disaster was going to be. This paper will detail aspects of the event from symptoms of the problem, the root

Mr Taha Uppal Free Essays

string(55) " or problems arising by implementing those strategies\." Strategies towards betterment for team management The research will be based on the following questions: How can we eliminate the harmful factors of staff management I. E performance appraisal? How can the employee’s play an important part for the organizational success? What are the feedbacks usually received by the employer? 1. 1 INTRODUCTION TO MARKS AND SPENCER: Marks and Spencer also popularly known as M is British based clothing and food retailer headquartered in the city of Westminster, London, United Kingdom. We will write a custom essay sample on Mr Taha Uppal or any similar topic only for you Order Now It has more than 700 outlets located all over the United Kingdom while 300+ stores are coated all over the world. Most of them are located in the European countries, like Hungary, Greece, Czech Republic and Romania etc. Marks Spencer is also trying to expand in the Asian markets with quite a few stores opening in India and China recently. Michael Marks and Thomas Spencer founded M in the year 1884 in a city of England, Leeds. According to BBC news, Marks and Spencer is doing better in their food department as compared to their general merchandise as the turnover is split in 54% and 46% respectively. Marks and Spencer aims to provide a very high quality DOD to their customers, that is why, it is one of the most successful food retailers in the United Kingdom. The well known brands, which sell their products with the brand name M are Autograph, Indigo collection, Classic collection, Collection and lastly blue harbor. 1. INTRODUCTION TO PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL: Performance appraisal or performance review is an analysis of an employee’s work habits undertaken at a fixed point in time to determine the degree to which stated objectives and expectations have been reached. Performance appraisal or review is very beneficial and important for the evaluation of the staff and of course for the effective management. Appraisals are of great help regarding organization’s employee and also play a vital role i n improving organizational performances. Formal performance appraisals are conducted every year normally in the last half of the year to review how the organization is performing and what strategies should be undertaken to improve the organizations performance. It is a straight line process for example the staff is appraised by their managers, the managers are appraised by the directors, and the directors are appraised by the Coo’s who are generally appraised by the founder or the chairman of the company. 2. 1 TYPES OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL: The different types of performance appraisals are formal annual performance appraisals, handwriting analysis, skill or Job related tests, informal one to one review discussions, probationary reviews, survey of opinion of others who have been dealing with the staff, counseling meetings, observation on the Job and assessment centers including observed group exercises and test presentations. 1. 2. PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL PROCESS: Performance appraisal is a process which takes place qu arterly or yearly and is the process of interaction between the employees and their managers. In this process the performance of the employee is assessed, with the manager telling or describing the employees their weaknesses and strengths and also identifying the opportunities that how can the employee improve their performance within the organization. Performance appraisal is the least liked responsibility any manager has to perform. The first step which comes in performance appraisal is review preparation. In this process the manager makes the objectives that the organization wants to meet in the future. An analysis of the employees is then taken out because employees or individuals must know what the organization is expecting from them and how they can work to achieve the objectives stated by the firm. Step two in performance appraisal is the assessment. This step is all about giving the timely feedback as it has proved to be very beneficial for the organization. For instance if an employee works well to achieve an objective, the positive feedback should be given to them as soon as possible rather than waiting for weeks to let them know as it might have a negative effect on their confidence as well as performance level. Step three is reviewing communication. This is all about reviewing the past and the current performance of the employee and if the performance is not up to the mark the manager should politely explain them that what should be done to improve their performance. Step four in the process is appropriate setting. Make sure that the atmosphere where the manager is going to deliver the appraisal is very friendly and welcoming. No threats should be given to the employee as this might De-motivate them and as a result they may not be able to perform 100%. Step five in the process is delivering, for instance it Leary explains the appraisal in simple language as the usage of the code words or difficult words might make it difficult for them (staff or employee) to understand it properly and they may have confusion which might proved to be harmful for the employee and also for the organization. The final step in this process is encouragement. At the end of the process the manager’s responsibility is to encourage the employee and boost their confidence by adding words like we have faith in you or we trust your abilities or you are capable. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2. 0 INTRODUCTION In this chapter the past and the current strategies of Marks Spencer will be discussed and in the end of this chapter we will also give a brief explanation about how employer can improve their Performance appraisal (PA) process. There will also be discussions on the employees and the manager roles that how can they contribute for a better service and reputation of the organization. First of all we will talk about the staff management strategies of Marks Spencer for instance, how they benefited from those strategies, what were the drawbacks of those strategies and what did Marks Spencer did to solve those issues or problems arising by implementing those strategies. You read "Mr Taha Uppal" in category "Papers" Performance appraisal helps in evaluating the employee’s performance as it gives a clear light on how an employee can improve their performance and skills. However, performance appraisal in depth will be discussed this chapter. 2. 1 THE EVOLUTION OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL: Sometime near World War 1, (WAD Scott) has the credit to present the world with what performance appraisal is. However, performance appraisal was known by the mid asses and became very popular in the organization or companies. McGregor (1957) also played a vital role in discussing about performance appraisal in sass’s and ass’s. It’s a process by which the individual tries to look in the future with some valuable assumptions and to plan what should be done in the future to meet their goals. Performance appraisal helps in goal setting. In the year 1970, this process of performance appraisal became more widespread and many of the firms started using this process in order to gain success however, by practicing this process a large number of legal cases were brought. In the years sass’s and sass’s the process of performance appraisal became very popular and according to Williams (1998) it improved the performance up to a certain extent and also generated motivation which is very useful for an organization. According to Fletcher (2008), performance appraisal is conducted differently in the Western and the Asian cultures however; both of these cultures use this process and are benefiting from it despite the fact that around 90% or more staff doesn’t like this process. 2. 2 WHY IS PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL SO NECESSARY? Questions like why performance appraisal is used in companies when it did not exist in the past and the companies were still doing great? Why is it so important to use performance appraisal? Can’t an organization run efficiently and effectively without the performance appraisal system? Weiss and Buckley (1998) tried to give an answer for this by stating that performance appraisal is very useful because it gives an idea to the employees how can they improve their performance and also this process helps in rising their commitment towards their organization. There is great importance of performance appraisal within the firm. The organization whether small or big, private or government or any other type of firm should be exempt from having a formal performance appraisal (PA) program. PA process has benefits like improved immunization within the firm, addressing the problem and tries to resolve them through this process of PA and gives the employee confidence and boosts their morale. However, while planning performance appraisal process the employer should bear in mind that it is a slow and time consuming process and there might be some obstacles during the process which for some time may make this process even slower than expected. We can see the companies who have introduced this process of performance appraisal are the ones who do the most business in their respected fields such as Ezra, Louis Button, Marks Spencer, Gucci, Hugo Boss etc. When employees know that they are an important part of an organization and all their suggestions or ideas are valuable they even work harder so that they can get promotions or there may be an increase in their salaries and this can only be done by performance appraisal process. PA process not only identifies the training needs within an organization or firm but also identifies the hidden talent which may have a very positive effect on the firm’s reputation. For instance if the staff is highly trained they are in a better position to deal with all their customers which plays a very positive role towards the success of an organization. . 3 PURPOSE OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL: The most effective purpose to use performance appraisal is to improve the performance of the employees who are working for an organization. There are two most important purposes for which the performance appraisal is used one of which is maintenance of organization control and secondly to measure the efficiency with which the company’s human resources are being used. Cummings 1973) however, there are other purposes of performance appraisal as well for instance it helps in improving the morale of the employees working for the organization, more importantly also identifying when does the staff or employees need training, communication improvements, counseling and setting targets which the organization aims to meet (Britton and Gold 2003-04). As discussed above perf ormance appraisal is used to determine the strengths and weaknesses off the employees and providing them with the best training in order for them to give their best at work. However, by conducting the performance appraisal process both the organizations and the employees have advantages for example McGregor (1972) in his paper ‘An uneasy look at performance appraisal’ stated that performance appraisal meets the needs of OTOH the employees and the organization however, the difference is it meets three needs in total one for which is organization and the other two for the employees or the individual. Bowels and Coats (1993) conducted a survey which was sent to 250 West midland companies in the year 1992, where the organization were asked the question on the effectiveness of performance appraisal in the organization. However, in the results they found out that the performance appraisal plays an effective role to improve the communication skills of the employees and also improves the communication between the employees and the employer which has many benefits costly in favor of the organization. On the other hand it was very useful for when and how the training is needed for a number of employees to improve their skills. However, around 90% of the employees did not favor the performance appraisal process and commented it has certainly no use and is time wasting. Many organizations want to become the best in productivity or simply want to produce more and quality products so in order to achieve all of these objectives organizations choose and introduce performance appraisal process within the organization as this is the most successful way of achieving goals such as higher productivity or lean reduction. This process of performance appraisal gives a clear direction that where the organization is heading towards or what are the goals the organization or the firm. As discussed before, it not only measures a firm’s employee’s performance but also gives a clear picture of an organization’s performance. The example to illustrate this is performance appraisal measures the work done by the employees and also the organization on a weekly or quarterly basis. An organization can have all the information of their employees and their productivity by using this process. Another useful purpose of performance appraisal is that it gives a clear picture to the employees that where do they stand and what are they supposed to do in order to improve their skills and position within the organization. This way the organization can have a full advantage of their work force because if their employees need training, they train them and as a result the work force becomes very useful and experienced which in the long run is very beneficial for the organization as well as the employees. 2. 4 BEHAVIOR MAINTENANCE MODEL (CUMMINGS AND SWABS): The IBM model which was presented by Cummings and Swabs attempts to show owe the employees are motivated and opt to perform well within the organization. In their model they tried to explain the IBM model in four different steps. The first step in this model is goal aspirations which lead to goal attainment. When the goal attainment is achieved by the employee it gives them a sense of Job satisfaction and they become more focused on their Job and try to work even more hard. However, when the employee is satisfied with their Job they become automatically motivated towards their work which is very effective for the organization. 2. A BRIEF EXPLANATION OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL IN MARKS AND SPENCER: performance appraisal give Marks Spencer all the required information about their employees as it helps MS to help improve their skills through training and making sure that they are capable enough for the Job they are being trained for. As most of the big companies or retailers conduct performance appraisal once or twice every year, Marks Spencer is also one of the British companies known for conducting performance appraisal twice every yea r. In this process the employees get feedback from their managers about their performance and if the performance of the employees is not up to the mark they are suggested with different strategies to adopt n order to improve their performance as it is believed that the employees play the most important part in an organization’s success and thus are the most important and effective assets of any organization like Marks Spencer. The performance records are encouraged to use by the employees as it plays an important factor in setting up the personal objectives that support their continued development. Whenever an appraisal system is carried out at Marks Spencer (normally takes every 12 months to conduct an appraisal) discussions are being made about the current progress of the company as well as the employees and a lot of new ideas are narrated about how to improve the concerned areas within the organization. These meetings are always done by the managers who work in M regarding their employees and are kept confidential. If any of the employees or workers at M do not perform well they are given more training and make sure that they understand how the organization works and operates. Rewards are given to the employees who prove that they are working best and the organization is benefiting from their efforts which are being put in. For instance in Marks and Spencer if the sales exceed the expected number or are higher than expected all the employees are given a bonus and also receive a bonus gift voucher of 20% which in fact plays a vital role in staff motivation. Also according to the research on motivation conducted by Frederic Taylor money is the only motivator and the only reason due to which the employees work hard to achieve their and the organization’s objectives they work for. According to Taylor â€Å"If the workers were paved per item made, they would want to make more and work harder. † Marks and Spencer uses Tailor’s theory by providing their employees or staff with handsome salaries as they think to keep the staff motivated paying them with bonuses and retreating them with some discount cards would be beneficial for the organization and as the staff will put in their efforts to make M a success by providing their customers a better service and by creating a friendly atmosphere in the stores which obviously every customer likes. On the other hand, M also uses Herbage’s two factor theory by paying them with handsome salaries but more important to note according to Herbage’s theory is that M make their employees feel special and important in the business as the upper management ask for suggestion from all the employees and also providing them with the best working environment to motivate hem. As seen in the table below Marks and Spencer has got the highest reputation in the recent years as compared to their rivals such as Sad, tests, Morison, Ginsburg and Waitress and that’s only done with the fair and proper selection of the employees for the Jobs through interviews and as well as the tests. By going through the process MS makes sure that the right candidate is selected for the Job and the organization can benefit from them. 2. STRATEGIES THAT MARKS AND SPENCER USED IN THE PAST: Marks and Spencer in the past have tried a lot of strategies to improve their staff performance. The strategy which Marks and Spencer used in the past was to sell its products on discounted prices or higher sales which at one point gave rise to the sales but on the other hand when people realized the clothes designs are the same and not changing their sales fell dramatically. MS did not emphasize on innovation but they tried to grab shopper’s attention by advertising and give them g reat deals and high discounts on their products. Another strategy that M favored was expansion overseas as the top management thought it’s the biggest opportunity to expand abroad because in that way MS will see a rise in their sales. The main focus f MS was to target the European markets specially Germany because in the recent years the population of Germany increased from 65 million to 80 million and also is the biggest exporter after USA with a lot of potential and industrial strength. However, firstly MS planned to expand in Germany in the asses but later dropped this strategy because the property costs were too high at that time but the main reason to drop this strategy was the recession of the German economy in asses. However in the late in asses the market position of Germany looked attractive and impressive which therefore forced MS to expand in to the German market. Marks and Spencer also played a vital role regarding waste as an estimate states that the waste all over the United Kingdom is around 400 tones which comes from different parts of the industry such as construction, households or discharged packaging. The waste that comes out is not recycled properly and the result is landfill sites which takes many years to decompose and is also very harmful for the human health. However, the strategy that Marks and Spencer put emphasis on is that in the recent years 2010-2011 they have tried to achieve a recycle rate around 90% and also they have tried and achieved the reduction in waste by around 20%. Marks and Spencer in the year 2006-7 had 133 million clothes hangers and instead of throwing or recycling them the company used around 80% of the hangers again. 2. . 1 OPPORTUNITIES FOR IN THE GERMAN MARKET: MS focused on expanding in the German market because the GAP of Germany is about three times higher than the United Kingdom with a staggering El 5000 billion. German consumer has a 50% higher expenditure than the Auk’s market also 22% higher than France which is the second biggest market in the Europe. Inflation rate is under 2% in the Germany which attracted the Marks and Spencer manag ement the cost to expand in the German market with expectation of higher sales which M was lacking in the United Kingdom. According to the research conducted by the well known news channels CNN and BBC M had examined the customers need in Germany for instance what exactly did the customer want and catered accordingly. 2. 7 MARKS SPENCER CURRENT STRATEGIES: The current aim of M is to become the world’s most sustainable brand by the year 201 5 and for that they are following a plan called plan A. The plan A consist about many things about how to make world a better place to live with a few things which ops the list in plan A are cut carbon emissions, reduce waste and importance on health and well being. As the world is getting more educated day by day which means people are aware of what should be done to make this planet a better place to live in and also become very conscious about environmental and also for the natural issues. This is the reason for which MS launched plan A in the year 2010. The primary focus in this plan is to change the climate and also reducing the waste. 2. 8 EVALUATION: As discussed in this chapter that Performance appraisal is very useful for any type of organization but there are always some exceptions. For example, if the managers fail to grade their staff according to their performance there are quite high chances that the company or the organization could land in hot water. So it is very important that the managers should not grade their employees on personal assessment but should only grade them according to their performance which would only help the firm to achieve success in the future. CHAPTER 3- METHODOLOGY 3. 0 INTRODUCTION: Methodology is a set of practice to regain information about something. In other rods it is a choice about what data and information to gather. The information that will be obtained will also be used in the outcome and also be compared to the literature review In order to have an appropriate evaluation. One should keep in mind some factors when developing a successful methodology. I tried to contact the Marks and Spence’s business and management analyst but it was too difficult to have a decent reply from them. Developing a methodology is not at all an easy task and requires different types of techniques and hard work in order to gather some useful information. 3. 1 TYPES OF DATA COLLECTION: How to cite Mr Taha Uppal, Papers

Italian American vs. Italian Cuisine free essay sample

As we shadow Primo and Secondo, two brothers that emigrated from Italy to open an Italian restaurant in America, we learn a lot about the differences between Italian and Italian-American cuisine through the many obstacles they face. Primo is a gifted chef, a culinary genius determined not to waste his talent making routine dishes that American customers expect. Secondo is the smooth front man, trying to do anything to keep the restaurant financially afloat. Italian cuisine is known for its diversity throughout Italy’s different regions and its abundance of difference in taste. However the one thing they all have it common is its simplicity. The first known Italian food writer was a Greek Sicilian named Archestratus and he said, â€Å"that flavors should not be masked by spices, herbs or other seasonings. † Italians cuisines extreme simplicity explains why most dishes have only 4 to 8 different ingredients. In â€Å"Big Nights,† we can see Americans are not used to this simplicity, but rather foods indulged with ingredients, a common misinterpretation Americans have with Italian cuisine. We will write a custom essay sample on Italian American vs. Italian Cuisine or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is highly distasteful to ask for ingredients that are not included in the dish already, such as extra salt, balsamic vinegar, or meat. Another common trait with Italian cuisine is their keen eye for quality and freshness in ingredients. We see this when Primo goes to a market to buy some herbs for the big dinner, but refuses to buy the spices because they seem old. Quality is just as important to Italian cuisine as the location these ingredients come from. Olive oil and balsamic vinegar are two examples of ingredients where location is important. If you look closely on their labels you will see how the very good oils and vinegars are usually 100% from a certain region like Lucca, Siena, or Puglia. The lesser quality olive oils and balsamic vinegars will usually be a mix of different regions, but on the bottle will say, â€Å"Bottled in Italy. † A major difference between American and Italian cuisine is the importance of the meal structure. One line you will never hear a waiter in Italy say is â€Å"would you like your dishes as they are ready? † The meal structure consists of 3 or 4 courses usually. During the â€Å" Big Night† we experienced all the ourses. Normally an Italian meal is longer than an American meal and can last a few hours. Aperitivo is the start of the meal and usually includes a glass of champagne, sometimes nuts, chesses, sauce dips, and little quiches. Next comes the Antipasto and is comparable to the appetizer. A traditional Italian aperitivo includes a few different sliced meats, cheeses, and vegetable. It is heavier than Antipasto, but is still a starter. The first course comes afterwards and is called Primo. Usually a Primo doesn’t include meat and can be a risotto, gnocchi, or soup. The heartiest course of the meal is the secondo or piatto principale. Normally this course includes different kinds of meat or fish. A contorno or side dish is served with the secondo and usually is a dish of hot or cold vegetables. After getting through the first 3 courses if you are still hungry don’t worry because there is still desert. Il dolce or desert is popular after large nice meals. Frequent desert dishes are tiramisu, gelato, and panna cotta. With every meal Italians love a good glass of wine. Wine is very important to the Italian meal and that can explain why Italy leads the world in wine consumption. Just like their food Italians take their wines seriously and will always make sure that it will pair well with the meal. There are 20 wine regions in Italy and an importance is put on where the grapes are grown rather than what type of grape it is. Now that we dug into the characteristics of real Italian food lets take a look at Italian food in America, a cuisine that has transformed into what is now known as Italian-American cuisine. Most of what is called Italian food in America came from the immigrants from southern Italy and Sicily who arrived in the 18th and 19th century. They made up about 80% of all Italian immigrants. Interestingly, about half of the dishes that would become Italian staples in America originated in Naples. Pizza, pasta with seafood, and spaghetti with marinara sauce are a few of the well-known dishes. These foods were largely based on foods the immigrants could not afford back at home, but with American wages and more affordable ingredients they made this kind of food a regular in their diet. These dishes were heavy and rich with ingredients as this is what the immigrants dreamed about having. A great way to describe the differences between Italian-American and Italian cuisine is, Abundance vs.Harmony. Italian-American cooking uses far more spices, more sauce, much more cheese and meat. Pasta is an entree, which is almost never seen in Italy. Less importance is put on the quality of ingredients used and instead the importance is put on quantity. Overall, Italian-American cuisine is much more robust, compared to Italian food which can be described as poor mans food because of its simplicity and ingredient driven nature. This newfound prosperity of the immigrants can explain the differences between traditional Italian and Italian-American cuisine that was designed.

Thursday, April 30, 2020

My Mind free essay sample

Mentally, I am a type of soldier. I eat two squares of dark chocolate everyday that I leave the house- four for stressful events. My consistent intake of chocolate occurs because of my necessity for order –quasi-OCD, or so people tell me. The specific type of dark chocolate that I eat, Lindt 70% cocoa, serves more for its ubiquity –What grocery store doesnt have this?- and packaging: a shiny silver foil. Dark chocolate and its packaging reminded me of a bedtime story that I often read: â€Å"The Chocolate Soldier.† The Soldier stood in a seemingly protected store, wearing a shiny metallic uniform, an aesthetic face covering a vulnerable inside. Im clearly not shiny, but my nonchalance stood as my uniform. Beginning by accident when I stumbled across some in the pantry, my dark chocolate habits emerged out of anxiety over my indecisive future – typical amongst teenagers, but my friends had niche interests–, a pressure, a burning ray of sunlight in my protected store. We will write a custom essay sample on My Mind or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Like the Chocolate Soldier, I felt that I was melting, grasping for nonexistent connections. I tried using numerous rankings, projections, forum threads, and reading job descriptions to work backwards to find a subject that interested me and thus build myself around the occupation and vice versa -like assembling from a blueprint while trying to design the blueprint with materials. But I, along with the melted Solider, flowed into a drain, doing the minimum to receive good grades, becoming that chocolate fish to stay afloat. When the Chocolate Soldier approached the frying pan, I fell in a cycle of shifting to stay afloat -my fish kept melting and reforming, from actuary to optical engineer to quant to technical writer to diagnostic radiologist and on and on. Summer began, and I followed the Soldier: I melted and flowed into the pocket of the fisherman. But unlike the Soldier, who realized his state as a coin once he was passed from the fisherman to a boy, I saw myself as a coin when placed within a community of thirty-six intellectually gifted –why else would they want to do research?- students. My coin, my transportation back to my original store, my house, my mind. And I rose with the Soldier to the level surface, to those with similar aesthetic designs -or rather, in my case, just high school students-, with a transformed outlook: hold onto the leash to the origin, remember the coin. Dark chocolate, and thereby â€Å"The Chocolate Soldier,† reminds me of my past self: a shifter. I couldn’t decide who I was because I didn’t need to be one person, but was what I needed to be –cliche? Of course. Using dark chocolate as a way of reminding me of when I wavered seems like a bittersweet comfort -literally and metaphorically. And that’s okay with me, since I like being realistic. Sometimes. Even when I seem ridiculous. But what’s my coin? Well, I’m just†¦odd.

Saturday, March 21, 2020

homer oral or written tradidio essays

homer oral or written tradidio essays It is possible, on the other hand, that some lesser use of the new technique of writing was the determining factor in the ability to compose such long and complex poems out of pre-existing and much shorter oral songs. Many critics do not accept this however. The huge gap in quality as well as quantity being the main factor. In essence, the poems belong to an oral culture, whether or not their monumental form owes something to the main poet's ability to compose with the help of writing. These poems were to some extent transcribed orally too; these were works that continued to be knows, erratically and incompletely perhaps "by heart". Once they were produced, the poems had a stifling effect on their simpler, more typically oral predecessors. The memory of earlier songs and poems were all but obliterated. Among those that contributed to this were the Iliad and the Odyssey. If this was so, then their appearance before the translation from an age of literacy to one of partial literacy seems less strange. The polis, or city-state, emerged as the main focus of loyalties that had earlier been directed toward persons and families, toward feudal archetypes that still reflected some of the glow of the heroic world of Homer (Kirk 3). Emphasis on the oral nature of the Iliad and the Odyssey must be present for the understanding of the poems as poetry, as works of literature in the broader sense, and as vast and erratic forces in the cultural history of the ancient world. Any man never spoke the language of Homer. It is an artifical, poetical construction of phraseology and vocabulary that originated at different dates over a period of at least 200 and perhaps as much as 500 years (Kirk 4). Some parts of it are highly conventional and consist of fixed or formiluar phrases. Precisely how far the formular system extended, and where it merges with the symbolic and repetitive aspect of all language remains a question; but the need for literate ...